Thursday, May 8, 2008

دلیل ناکامی در زبان

دلایل اصلی ناکامی در یادگیری زبان
بشر در هيچ دوره اي اين چنين با حجم انبوهي از داده ها و اطلاعات مواجه نبوده است. سرگرداني انسان امروز، انتخابي مناسب از بين هزاران امكاني است كه عمر كوتاهش را بر نمي تابد و اين سرگرداني، در انتخاب روشي مناسب براي يادگيري يك زبان بين المللي با گستره توليد جهاني، صد چندان شده است. كتابها، فيلمهاي صوتي - تصويري، كلاسهاي آموزشي رسمي و غير رسمي، نرم افزارها و پهنه گسترده اينترنت در كارند تا امر فراگيري يك زبان خارجي تحقق يابد آيا اشكال در بهره هوشي ما دانش آموزان و دانشجويان ايراني است كه با گذراندن بيش از ده سال از دوران راهنمائي تا دانشگاه هنوزنتوانسته ايم در حد قابل قبولي زبان بياموزيم؟ چرا ما دانش آموزان و دانشجويان ايراني با گذراندن بيش از ده سال، از دوران دبيرستان تا دانشگاه، هنوزنتوانسته ايم در حد قابل قبولي زبان بياموزيم. بدون شك اشكال در بهره هوشي و توانائي هاي ما نيست بلكه مشكل در روشها و تكنولوژيي هاي است كه ما با استفاده از آنها زمان بزرگي از زندگي خويش را از دست داده ايم. عمده ترين دلايل نا كامي در فراگيري زبان در كشور ما بقرار زير است:ترس ما هميشه زبان را درس مشكلي تصور مي كرديم كه بايد آنرا امتحان دهيم و بدين دليل هرگز فرصت استفاه از آنرا بصورتي نيافتيم كه از آن لذت ببريم. تكيه بر محيط مبتني بر متندنياي واقعي زبان، يك دنياي صوتي است. در حـالي كه سيستم آموزشي ما، دنيايي مبتني بر متن بوده است و اين باعث مي شد كه مشكل تلفظ نيز بر مشكلات بيشمار ما افزوده شود. بدليل عدم زيستن در يك محيط واقعي صوتي با آن احساس بيگانگي مي كنيم. نتيجه اين سيستم آموزشي در آرماني ترين شرايط تربيت مترجم بود، نه كسي كه با زبان بتواند ارتباط برقرار كند. تكيه بر گرامركاش ما زبان را با روش كودكان ياد مي گرفتيم كه كمترين اهميتي براي دستورات پيچيده زبان نمي دهند. راستي، خود چقدر با گرامر زبان مادري خود آشنا هستيم دستوات گرامري در تمامي زبانها يك موضوع كاملا تخصصي و انتزاعي از زبان است و اگر اینطور نیست پس اينهمه رشته هاي دانشگاهي سطح بالا در رابطه با دستور زبان چه معني ميدهند؟ حرف زدن با رعايت دستورات گرامري زباني پر از استثناء مانند انگليسي و یا فرانسه ، تقريبا غير ممكن است. تاكيد بر يادگيري لغات آموزش ما، حفظ كردن فرهنگهاي لغت بود، هر معلمي براي خود ديكشنري كوچكي مي ساخت كه مجبور به حفظ آن بوديم. و متاسفانه هنوز هم كار به همين منوال است. در يك فرهنگ انگليسي نگـاهي به لغت GET يا TAKE بيندازيد. دو صفحه معني مختلف و گاه متضاد براي يك لغت سردرگمي آدمي را در آموزش صد چندان مي كند. فرق عمده زبان انگليسي با زبان فارسي در اين است كه لغات در زبان انگليسي عمدتا وقتي معنا واقعي دارند كه در كنار ساير لغات قرار مي گيرند. مثلا لغت Take معني واضحي ندارد در حالي كه معني عبارت Take off كاملا مشخص است. عدم توجه به اين الگوهاي ساختاري روش طبيعي آموزش زبانبه برخي ازاين تفاوتها در همینجا اشاره شده است.اهميت دادن به امر خواندندر هر زباني چهار عنصر عمده خواندن، نوشتن، صحبت كردن و گوش دادن وجود دارد. آنچه در سيستم آموزش رسمي ما بيش از همه به آن پرداخته شده است امر خواندن مي باشد. در برخي از كلاسهاي غير رسمي نيز صحبت از هم زماني چهار عنصر رفته است. اما وقتي ما در محيط واقعي زبان قرار مي گيريم در مي يابيم كه اگر هدف فراگيري زبان باشد عنصر خواندن و نوشتن اهميت درجه چندم دارند به اين دليل ساده كه در تمامي زبانها افراد بي سواد آن جامعه نيز قادر با تكلم زبان مادري خود هستند.
__________________'The Seeing see little'

Teaching phonetics

Teaching Phonetics:
Discover the "Majesty and Grandeur"
of the English Speech
In the brilliant Broadway Show My Fair Lady, Professor Higgins addresses Eliza with an inspirational speech after hearing her vain attempts to say where exactly the rains fall. One can almost hear Bernard Shaw speaking here, “Just think what you’re dealing with. The majesty and grandeur of the English language is the greatest possession we have. The noblest thoughts that ever flowed through the hearts of men are contained in its extraordinary, imaginative and musical mixture of sounds. And that’s what you’ve set yourself out to conquer, Eliza. And conquer it you will!” [italics added]
What exactly is the “grandeur and majesty” of the English language? So often have we attempted to “split” the studies of the language into some artificial fields that have undoubtedly helped us learn more about the language but are apparently making it more difficult to learn the language as it is. Thus, the students come to the point where they have successfully managed holding the boxes labeled as “Grammar” or “Writing” or “Listening,” but are reluctant to put together the content of each box for fear of “forgetting the language.” Where does this rigidity come from and how can we learn to overcome it in our minds, and more so in the minds of our students?

Let us unwrap the boxes for awhile, or maybe ignore the labels and let us manage to conduct each part to blossom into a beautiful music of something complete, whole and harmonious. Let us hear the polyphony of this orchestra and teach the language “out of the box” so our students may truly enjoy it.

Olena Osypchuk,
EFL Instructor

Useful links for planning lessons
Reading
news
Phonetics
common mistakes
Grammar
Rules & more
Testing
NonStop

Teaching Phonetics
Structure of the course
Use of Media
Use of songs
Use of movies
Using Media in Teaching Pronunciation
A workshop presented at 42nd Annual TESOL (2008) convention in New York
The Outline
What is TESOL?
Contact me
Olena Osypchuk has been teaching English Phonetics at Commonwealth International University in Simferopol, Ukraine since 2003
Click here to see my resume



Thanks for visiting my website!
Phonetics Teaching and Learning Conference
PDF Proceedings
Listed in alphabetical order of the first author's surname.

Michael Ashby, Martha Figueroa-Clark, Esther Seo, Kayoko Yanagisawa, UCLInnovations in practical phonetics teaching and learningPatricia Ashby, Alison Manamperi, Matt Youens. University of WestminsterDISCOVERING PHONETICS: LEARNING THROUGH FIELDWORKPatricia Ashby, Samantha Valentine, University of WestminsterLena Olausson, Pronunciation Unit, British Broadcasting CorporationWorking with phoneticsOle Stig Andersen, CopenhagenA Typology of Pronunciation CorrectionsSilvia C. Barreiro, Eva Estebas-Vilaplana, Isabel Soto, UNEDTeaching Phonetics through Singing and RecitingDavid Brett, University of SassariCreating Interactive Material for Teaching Phonetics Using Macromedia Flash MXMercedes Cabrera Abreu, Francisco Vizcaíno Ortega, University of Las Palmas de Gran CanariaAcoustic phonetics and EFL teachingRichard Cauldwell, SPEECHINACTIONBricking up and Streaming down: two approaches to naturalness in pronunciation materialsRaimunda Česonienė, Kaunas University of TechnologyEnglish Phonetics and Phonology: Course for Future InterpretersKaren Steffen Chung, National Taiwan UniversityTen core themes in pronunciation teachingSophie de Abreu, Catherine Mathon, Université Paris 7Can you hear I’m angry? Perception of anger in a spontaneous French corpus by Portuguese learners of French as a foreign language.Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kołaczyk, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityNative or non-native? This is the question: Which English to teach in the globalizing world?Francisco Gallardo del Puerto, María Luisa García Lecumberri, Jasone Cenoz Iragui, University of the Basque CountryDegree of foreign accent and age of onset in formal school instructionEsther Gómez Lacabex, Mª Luisa García Lecumberri, University of the Basque Country& Martin Cooke, University of SheffieldEnglish Vowel Reduction by Untrained Spanish Learners: Perception and ProductionUlrike Gut, Albert-Ludwigs-University FreiburgCorpus-based pronunciation trainingTakeshi Ishihara University of Edinburgh / Mejiro UniversityUnderstanding Programming for Phoneticians through Semi-automatic Data ExtractionChristian Jensen, Copenhagen Business SchoolOnline Training and Testing in PhoneticsTakeki Kamiyama, Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie (UMR 7018) CNRS / Sorbonne NouvelleDoes explicit knowledge of prosody help L2 comprehension? The case of determiners "du" and "deux" in French learned by Japanese-speaking learners. Joe Eun Kim, UCLKorean Accented English: Cross Linguistic Phoneme MappingDudley Knight, University of California, IrvineNew Techniques in IPA Training for Actors in the United StatesSmiljana Komar, University of LjubljanaThe Impact of Tones and Pitch Range on the Expressionof Attitudes in Slovene Speakers of EnglishMariko Kondo, Waseda UniversityStrategies for Acquiring Japanese Prosody by English SpeakersBozena Lechowska, Universidad Industrial de SantanderTeaching English Phonetics and Phonology in ColombiaPekka Lintunen, University of Turku, FinlandPhonemic Transcription and its Effect on LearningRick Lipton, Matthew Reeve, Mountview Academy of Theatre ArtsPhonetics at MountviewWander Lowie, Dicky Gilbers Jenny Bos, University of GroningenA close examination of L2 pronunciation: English secondary stress by advanced Dutch learnersTakehiko Makino, Chuo University, TokyoA New Approach to the Teaching of English Prosodyto Japanese Speakers, Based on the First Significant Contrastive AnalysisBeth McGuire, Pamela Prather, Yale School of DramaKinesPhonetics®: Experiential Anatomy of Phonemes for the ActorGrit Mehlhorn, University of StuttgartLearner Autonomy and Pronunciation CoachingJose A. Mompean, University of MurciaTaking Advantage of Phonetic Symbols in the Foreign Language ClassroomN. Minematsu, S. Asakawa, K. Hirose, The University of Tokyo and T. Makino, Chuo UniversityStructural representation of pronunciation and its use in pronunciation trainingMitsuhiro Nakamura, Nihon UniversityParametric Phonetics: an exercise in the dynamic characterisation of sound patternsRandall O. Pennington, Kyushu UniversityRaising Student Consciousness of Pronunciation Differences of English /r/, /l/ and /w/ and the Alveolar flaps in JapaneseTsutomu Sato, Meiji Gakuin UniversityThe Characteristics of Placing Prominences by Japanese Learners of English and Pedagogical SuggestionsGladys E. Saunders, University of VirginiaOn the Teaching and Learning of French Semivowels: Principles, Practices and unpredictable problemsGeoffrey Schwartz Adam Mickiewicz UniversityThe phonetics-phonology interface – implications for teaching L2 pronunciationMari Shimizu, Masaki Taniguchi, University of KochiReaffirming the effect of interactive visual feedback on teaching English intonation to Japanese learnersJoanna Smith, Basheba Beckmann, Unitec New ZealandImproving Pronunciation through Noticing-Reformulation TasksRastislav Šuštaršiè, University of LjubljanaDictionary Transcriptions Representing Standard British and American Pronunciations and their Application in Teaching English PhoneticsJolanta Szpyra-Kozlowska, Justyna Frankiewicz, Marta Nowacka, Lidia Stadnicka, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, LublinAssessing assessment methods – on the reliability of pronunciation tests in EFLMasaki Taniguchi, Shizuya Tara, University of KochiRelation between direct tests and indirect tests on English intonation for Japanese learners: nucleus placementYishai Tobin, Ben-Gurion University of the NegevTeaching Phonetics to Speech Clinicians and Audiologists According to the Theory of Phonology as Human BehaviorJuhani Toivanen MediaTeam, University of Oulu and Academy of FinlandToBI or not ToBI? Testing two models in teaching English intonation to FinnsJuhani Toivanen, Academy of Finland and MediaTeam, University of OuluStylized intonation in Finnish English second language speech: a semantic and acoustic studySteven H. Weinberger, George Mason UniversityWeb AccentsMagdalena Wrembel, Adam Mickiewicz UniversityMetacompetence-oriented model of phonological acquisition: implications for the teaching and learning of second language pronunciation
http://school.familyeducation.com/kindergarten/alphabet/42342.html
http://www.b15.ir/

Alphabet

http://www.mrsalphabet.com/links.html

teaching Alphabet

http://www.mrsalphabet.com/alphakids.html

Teaching alphabet

http://www.succeedtoread.com/improve.html

Wednesday, May 7, 2008

Attention: PERFECT LINKS

• Eric clearinghouse• www.Asian EFL journal.com• the language teacher on line• Forum online• www.PARE online.com
www.tc.columbia.edu
http://www.greatwritings.com/
www.thinkexist.com
www.acu.edu
www.btinternet.com
www.elearnaid.com
www.conferencealerts.com
www.ceps.georgiasouthern.edu
http://en.wikipedia.org
www.linguistlist.org
http://cndls.georgetown.edu
www.wsu.edu
www.complete-review.com
www.poetrymagic.co.uk
www.hku.hk
www.novitasroyal.org
www.owl.english.purdue.edu
www.writing.com
www.talewins.com
www.denza.fhda.edu
www.vocabtest.com
www.a4esl.org
http://accurapid.com/journal/
www.learningandteaching.info
www.findarticles.com
www.imdb.com
www.rhymezoone.com
www.wordsmith.com
www.poetry.com
www.vocabularya-z.com
www.onlinejournalism.com
www.lingulangu.org
www.englishforums.com2
www.laklak.ir
www.adinebook.com
www.asiatefl.org/journal
www.sagepub.com
(free journal download)
http://writing-world.com/
http://wordsmith.com/
http://poetry.com/
http://custompapers.com/
http://www.absolutewrite.com/
http://dmcwriter.tripod.com/
http://writing.com/
http://writers.com/
http://www.writesparks.com/
http://www.asian-efl-journal.com
http://www.eslcafe.com/
http://www.english-4u.com/topsites/
http://www.eslteachertalk.com/
http://www.eslteachertalk.com/
http://www.mes-english.com/
http://www.iteslj.org.
http://www.englishclub.com/
http://www.free-english.com/Assessment.aspx
http://semumf.tripod.com/
http://elsevier.com
/TESOLEJ:
http://iteslj.org/CAL
center for applied linguistics
www.cal.org
The language teacher journal:
http://www.jalt-publications.org
The electronic journal of foreign language teaching
http://e-flt.nus.edu.sg
http://www.matsda.org.uk
http://www.tesol.org
http://tesolarabia.org
www.sceincedirect.com
www.onestopenglish.com
www.ihes.com
www.who2.com
www.teachingenglish.org.uk
www.linguistic-funland.com
www.dmoz.org
www.diploma.or.jp
www.eurydice.org
www.cilt.org.uk
www.lib.byu.edu/spc/tesl
www.esllearning.com
www.langoworld.com
www.slbase.com
Eric clearinghouse
www.Asian EFL journal.com
the language teacher on line

reading comp

http://www.mrnussbaum.com/readingpassageindex.htm

mobile teaching

http://www.csumb.edu/site/x17155.xml

Monday, May 5, 2008

CNN.com - Transcripts

CNN.com - Transcripts

NPR : National Public Radio : News & Analysis, World, US, Music & Arts

NPR : National Public Radio : News & Analysis, World, US, Music & Arts

guardian.co.uk home | guardian.co.uk

guardian.co.uk home guardian.co.uk

پارس قرآن : جستجوي قرآن

پارس قرآن : جستجوي قرآن

Listening downloads - Central - LearnEnglish - British Council

Listening downloads - Central - LearnEnglish - British Council

Oxford University Press | English Language Teaching

Oxford University Press English Language Teaching

Sharif e-Learning - Home Page

Sharif e-Learning - Home Page

Turnitin

Turnitin

Google Directory - Health

Google Directory - Health

......:::::: www.abbas-mousavi.com ::::::......

......:::::: www.abbas-mousavi.com ::::::......

دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علو م و تحقیقات

دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علو م و تحقیقات

British Council | BBC Teaching English

British Council BBC Teaching English